Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles: Fundamentals, Theory, and Design, Second Edition (Power Electronics and Applications Series) by Mehrdad Ehsani, Yimin Gao, Ali Emad pdf.
Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles: Fundamentals, Theory, and Design, 2nd edition pdf.
Contents:
1 Environmental Impact and History of Modern Transportation
2 Fundamentals of Vehicle Propulsion and Brake
3 Internal Combustion Engines
4 Electric Vehicles
5 Hybrid Electric Vehicles
6 Electric Propulsion Systems
7 Design Principle of Series (Electrical Coupling) Hybrid Electric Drive Train
8 Parallel (Mechanically Coupled) Hybrid Electric Drive Train Design
9 Design and Control Methodology of Series–Parallel (Torque and Speed Coupling) Hybrid Drive Train
10 Design and Control Principles of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles
11 Mild Hybrid Electric Drive Train Design
12 Peaking Power Sources and Energy Storages
13 Fundamentals of Regenerative Breaking
14 Fuel Cells
15 Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Drive Train Design
16 Design of Series Hybrid Drive Train for Off-Road Vehicles
Preface of Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles: Fundamentals, Theory, and Design, Second Edition book:
The development of internal combustion engine automobiles is one of the greatest achievements of modern technology. However, the highly developed automotive industry and the increasingly large number of automobiles in use around the world are causing serious problems for the environment and hydrocarbon resources. The deteriorating air quality, global warming issues, and depleting petroleum resources are becoming serious threats to modern life. Progressively more rigorous emissions and fuel efficiency standards are stimulating the aggressive development of safer, cleaner, and more efficient vehicles. It is now well recognized that electric, hybrid electric, and fuel-cellpowered drive train technologies are the most promising vehicle solutions for the foreseeable future.
To meet this challenge, an increasing number of engineering schools, in the United States and around the world, have initiated academic programs in advanced energy and vehicle technologies at the undergraduate and graduate levels. We started our first graduate course, in 1998, on “Advanced Vehicle Technologies—Design Methodology of Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles” for students in mechanical and electrical engineering at Texas A&M University. While preparing the lectures for this course, we found that although there is a wealth of information in the form of technical papers and reports, there was no rigorous and comprehensive textbook for students and professors who may wish to offer such a course. Furthermore, practicing engineers also needed a systematic reference book to fully understand the essentials of this new technology. The first edition of this book was our attempt to fill this need. The second edition introduces newer topics and deeper treatments than the first edition.
The book deals with the fundamentals, theoretical bases, and design methodologies of conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). It comprehensively covers vehicle performance characteristics, configurations, control strategies, design methodologies, modeling, and simulations for modern vehicles with mathematical rigor. It includes drive train architecture analysis, ICE-based drive trains, EV and HEV configurations, electric propulsion systems, series/parallel/mild hybrid electric drive train design methodologies, energy storage systems, regenerative braking, fuel cells and their applications in vehicles, and fuel cell hybrid electric drive train design. The book’s perspective is from the overall drive train system and not just individual components. The design methodology is described in mathematical terms, step by step. Furthermore, in explaining the design methodology of each drive train, design examples are presented with simulation results.
More specifically, the second edition contains many corrections and updates of the material in the first edition. Three new chapters and one appendix have been added. They are Chapter 9: Design and Control Methodology of Series–Parallel (Torque and Speed Coupling) Hybrid Drive Train; Chapter 10: Design and Control Principles of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles; Chapter 16: Design of Series Hybrid Drive Train for Off-Road Vehicles, and Appendix: Technical Overview of Toyota Prius. Chapter 13: Fundamentals of Regenerative Braking has been completely rewritten, based on our new research. In addition, plenty of new materials have been added to the old chapters. All these new contributions to the second edition make it more complete and useful to the reader.
This book consists of 16 chapters and one appendix. In Chapter 1, the social and environmental importances of modern transportation is discussed. This mainly includes the air pollution, global warming, and petroleum resource depletion issues associated with the development of modern transportation. In this chapter, the impact of future vehicle technologies on oil supplies is analyzed. The results are helpful for the development strategies of the next generation of vehicles. In addition, the development history of EVs, HEVs, and FCVs is briefly reviewed.
In Chapter 2, basic understandings of vehicle performance, power plant characteristics, transmission characteristics, and the equations used to describe vehicle performance are introduced. The main purpose of this chapter is to provide the basic knowledge that is necessary for vehicle drive train design. As an improvement to the first edition, material on the brake system and its design and performance has been strengthened in order to provide a more solid base for the hybrid brake system designs in EVs, HEVs, and FCVs. In Chapter 3, major operating characteristics of different heat engines are introduced. As the primary power plant, the engine is the most important subsystem in conventional and hybrid drive train systems. Full understanding of the characteristics of engine is necessary for the design and control of conventional as well as HEVs.
In Chapter 4, EVs are introduced. This chapter mainly includes the design of the electric propulsion system and its energy storage device, the design of the traction motor and its transmission, methodology of prediction of vehicle performance, and system simulation results.
In Chapter 5, the basic concept of hybrid traction is established first. Then, various configurations of HEVs are discussed. These include series hybrid, parallel hybrid, torque-coupling and speed-coupling hybrids, and other configurations. The main operating characteristics of these configurations are also presented.
In Chapter 6, several electric power plants are introduced. These include DC, AC, permanent magnet brushless DC, and switched reluctance motor drives. Their basic structure, operating principles, control and operational characteristics are described from a traction system point of view.
In Chapter 7, the design methodology of series hybrid electric drive trains is presented. This chapter focuses on the system-oriented design of the engine and the energy storage, the traction motor, the transmission, the control strategy, and the power converters. A design example is also provided. As an improvement to the first edition, various power converter configurations have been added.
In Chapter 8, a design methodology of parallel hybrid electric drive trains is provided. This chapter includes driving patterns and driving mode analysis; control strategy; design of the major components, for example, the engine, the energy storage, and the transmission; and vehicle performance simulation. In addition to the material covered in the first edition, a constrained engine on and off control strategy, fuzzy logic control strategy, and the concept of control optimization based on dynamic programming have been added. In Chapter 9, the operating characteristics, design methodology, and control strategies of a series–parallel hybrid drive train are presented. This is a new chapter in the second edition.
In Chapter 10, the design and control principles of the plug-in hybrid vehicle are introduced. This chapter mainly addresses the charge sustaining hybrid drive train with regard to the drive train control strategy, energy storage design, and electric motor design. This is also a new chapter. In Chapter 11, a design methodology of mild hybrid drive trains is introduced with two major configurations of parallel torque coupling and series–parallel, torque–speed coupling. This chapter focuses on operational analysis, control system development, and system simulation. In Chapter 12, different energy storage technologies are introduced, including batteries, ultracapacitors, and flywheels. The discussion focuses on power and energy capacities. The concept of hybrid energy storage is also introduced in this chapter.
In Chapter 13, the design and control principles of hybrid brake systems are introduced. Brake safety and recoverable energy are the main concerns. The available braking energy characteristics, with regard to vehicle speed, and the braking power in typical driving cycles are investigated. The brake force distribution on the front and rear wheels is discussed for guaranteeing the vehicle braking performance for safety. Furthermore, this chapter discusses the important issue of distributing the total braking force between the mechanical and the electrical regenerative brakes. Two advanced hybrid brake systems, including their control strategies, are introduced.
This chapter has been rewritten based on our recent research. In Chapter 14, different fuel cell systems are described, with a focus on their operating principles and characteristics, various technologies, and their fuels. Specifically, vehicle applications of fuel cells are explained. In Chapter 15, a systematic design of fuel cell hybrid drive trains is introduced. First, the concept of fuel cell hybrid vehicles is established. Then, their operating principles and drive train control systems are analyzed. Lastly, a design methodology is provided, focusing on the system designs of the fuel cell, the electric propulsion system, and the energy storage system. A design example and its corresponding performance simulation results are provided. In Chapter 16, a design methodology of an off-road tracked series hybrid vehicle is developed. The discussion focuses on the motion resistance calculation on soft grounds, traction motor system design, the engine/generator system design, and the peaking power source system design. This is a new chapter for the second edition.
A case study appendix has been added to the second edition. This is an overview of the Toyota Prius hybrid system. The purpose is to give the reader a practical example of the architecture, operational modes, control system, among other things, of a commercial hybrid electric drive train.
This book is suitable for a graduate or senior-level undergraduate course in advanced vehicles. Depending on the backgrounds of the students in different disciplines such as mechanical or electrical engineering, course instructors have the flexibility of choosing the specialized material to suit their lectures. This text has been used at Texas A&M University in a graduate-level course for many years. The manuscript of this text has been revised many times and over many years, based on the comments and feedback from the students in our course. We are grateful to our students for their help.
This book is also an in-depth resource and a comprehensive reference in modern automotive systems for engineers, students, researchers, and other professionals who are working in automotive-related industries, as well as those in government and academia.
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