March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure 7th Edition by Michael B. Smith.
This seventh edition of March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry has been thoroughly updated to include new advances in areas of Organic chemistry published between 2005 and 2010. Every topic retained from the sixth edition has been brought up to date if there was activity in that area during that five year period. Changes also include a significant rewrite of most of the book. More than 5500 new references have been added for work published since 2005. As with the sixth edition, many older references were deleted to make room for new ones, and in cases where a series of papers by the same principal author were cited, all but the most recent were deleted. The older citations are usually found by referring to the more recent publication(s). Many of the figures relating to molecular orbitals dated to the 1960s. In all cases possible, they have been replaced by molecular orbitals drawings using Spartan software from Wavefunction, Inc. The fundamental structure of the seventh edition is essentially the same as that of all previous ones. The goal, as in previous editions is to give equal weight to the three fundamental aspects of the study of organic chemistry: reactions, mechanisms, and structure. A student who has completed a course based on this book should be able to approach the literature directly, with a sound knowledge of modern organic chemistry. Major special areas of organic chemistry: terpenes, carbohydrates, proteins, many organometallic reagents, combinatorial chemistry, polymerization and electrochemical reactions, steroids, and so on, have been treated lightly or ignored completely. The use of this book in the first year of graduate study should help master the fundamentals. It is hoped that this book will lead a student to consult the many excellent books and review articles cited for various topics in order to understand the subject in more detail. Indeed, many of these topics are so vast, they cannot be explained completely in this book.
The organization is based on reaction types, and a relatively few principles suffice to explain nearly all of them despite the large number of organic reactions. Accordingly, the reactions-mechanisms section of this book (Part II) is divided into 10 chapters (10–19), each concerned with a different type of reaction. In the first part of each chapter, the appropriate basic mechanisms are discussed along with considerations of reactivity and orientation, while the second part consists of numbered sections devoted to individual reactions, where the scope and the mechanism of each reaction are discussed. Numbered sections are used for the reactions and are set in boldface. Since the methods for the preparation of individual classes of compounds (ketones, nitriles, etc.) are not treated all in one place, an updated and revised index has been provided (Appendix B) by use of which the synthesis of a given type of compound will be found. It is important to note that the numbers for each reaction in the 7th edition are different from editions 1–5 in many cases, but are the same as found in the 6th edition. For this reason, a correlation table is included at the end of this Preface that directly correlates the sections found in the 5th edition with the new ones in both the 6th and 7th editions.
The structure of organic compounds is discussed in Chapters 1–5 (Part I). This section provides a necessary background for understanding mechanisms and is also important in its own right. The discussion begins with chemical bonding (Chapt. 1) and ends with a chapter on stereochemistry (Chapt. 4). Two chapters follow (Chapt 6–7) on reaction mechanisms in general, one for ordinary reactions and the other for photochemical reactions. Part 1 concludes with two more chapters (Chapt 8 and 9) that give further background to the study of mechanisms. The IUPAC names for many organic transformations are included, first introduced in the 3rd edition. Since then the rules have been broadened to cover additional cases; hence more such names are given in this edition. Furthermore, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has now published a system for designating reaction mechanisms, and some of the simpler designations are included. Appendix A is devoted to the literature of organic chemistry. In treating subjects as broad as structure, reactions, and mechanisms of organic chemistry, it is impossible to cover each topic in great depth, and this would not be desirable even if possible. This book is intended to point the reader to the primary literature of the areas it covers. To this end, there are >20,000 references to original papers. Secondary literature sources including reviews, books, and monographs have been included as well.
Appendix A provides a brief introduction to using computer-based search engines (e.g., Reaxys1 and SciFinder1). Although basically designed as a reference text for a one-year course on the graduate level, this book can also be used in advanced undergraduate courses, but only after completion of a one-year course in organic chemistry. A one year course in both inorganic and physical chemistry would be most helpful. It has been my experience that students who have completed the first-year courses often have a hazy recollection of the material and greatly profit from a representation of the material if it is easily accessible. The material in the first nine chapters, particularly Chapters 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 may be helpful for reviewing such material when this book is used in connection with a course. This book is probably most valuable as a reasonably up-to-date reference work. Students preparing for qualifying examinations and practicing organic chemists will find that Part II contains a survey of what is known about the mechanism and scope of a large number of reactions, arranged in an orderly manner based on reaction type and on which bonds are broken and formed. For units of energy, IUPAC mandates joules, and many journals do use this unit exclusively. However, organic chemists who publish in United States journals commonly use calories. Virtually all energy values are presented in both calories and joules. Although IUPAC does not recommend angstrom units for bond distances, but rather picometers (pm), a vast number of bond distances published in the literature are in angstrom units, and this book therefore uses angstrom units.
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